ATOMIC ENERGY


585


                      IV. EXrORT CONTROLS
                           A. GERMANY

  Mr. Donnell 10 completed his survey of German manufacture and
control of atomic energy items in August. His conclusions are that the
Germans have made considerable progress in the manufacture of and
use of nuclear research equipment including some highly specialized
items and that -a qualified person should be attached to the Military
Security Board to keep tabs on German activities, particularly with
a view to working out procedures to:
  1. Prevent the shipment of items to the East which would be useful
to the Soviet atomic program, 'and
  2. To check on activities of German institutions in the field of
atomic energy research and development.
                             B. FRANCE

  The Embassy is being urged to emphasize to the French in discus-
sions scheduled for October, the need for expeditious establishment
of the executive controls over atomic energy items which had been
foreshadowed since early this year.
                          C. SWITZERLAND

  The Swiss continue to procrastinate on the matter of establishing
controls over export and transshipment of atomic energy items. Pro-
longed discussions with certain Swiss officials have achieved little
more than the agreement that those items manufactured in Switzer-
land should be incorporated in the arms embargo legislation. Although
this would also take care of transshipments of these items, it would still
leave loopholes for transshipment through Switzerland of the remain-
ing items on the AEC lists. We are considering moving in concert
with drastic procedures now being considered as necessary to. force

the Swiss to adopt controls over items on the Commerce 1A and 1B
lists.'!
                         D. LIECHTENSTEIN

   The American Consulate General at Zurich, ,acting under instruc-
 tions from the Department, has interviewed the owner of a firm in
 Liechtenstein which has begun the manufacture of vacuum pumping
 equipment considered superior to any produced in Europe. The owner
 states that he will continue to permit the sale of pumps to all destina-
 tions except Russiaa when it is known the equipment will be used in the

   10Alton Donnell, former Chief of the Export Control Branch of the United
 States Atomic Energy Commission.
 u The lists are identified in footnote 3, p. 563.