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the Air; Hydromancy, or Augury by the Water; and Geoman-
c     or Augury by the Earth.  See AEROMANCY, PYROMANCYJ
The particular Branches are, Ale/Joromancy, Ant hropoany,
Be/omancy, Cat eptromancys Capnomanicy, Gafiromaricy, Geomancy,
Jrufpicina, Libanomancy, Lecanomancy, Necromancy, &c. See each
defcribed under its proper Article.
Cicero, who was one of the College, wonders how two Au-
gurs could meet without laughing at each other; by which it ap-
pears what Opinion he had of the Art.-And yet no Affair of
Moment could be refolv'd on without tirif confulting them; and
ther Advice, be it what it would, was, by a Decree of the Se-
nate, enjoin'd to be exacly and religiously performed.
AUGUST, AUGUSTUrS, Something majeftick, venerable, fa-
cred. See MAJESTY, &c.
The Title hgu flu; was firif given by the Roman Senate to
Ollavius, after his being confirmed by them in the Sovereign
Power.-It was conceived as expreffing Something divine, or e-
levated above the Pitch of Mankind ; being form'd of the Verb
augeo, I grow, Increafe; tanmumfifpra humanamfardem autus.
The Succeffors of Augufjus atfuled the fame Quality; fo that
thence-forward Emperor and XAguflus were the fame thing: They
became fynonimous Terms, See EMPEROR.
The prefumptive Heir of the Empire, or he who was de-
flined to fucceed to the Dignity, was firft created Cefar; which
was a ifep necelary to arrive at that of Auguflus or Emperor.-
Yet F Pagi maintains the Converfe; viz. that it was neceflary
to be Aguflus, previoufly to the being Cafar. See CESAR.
M. Flechier obferves, that the Emperor Valentinian proclaim-
ed his Brother Valems, Augujftus; without firft declaring him Ce-
fiar; which had never been pradliced before.-'Tis added, that
Marcus Aurelius, upon his fucceeding to Zntoninus, immediately
created L. Verus, both Cexfr and Auguiuas. This was the firf
time the Romans had known two 4ugujfi at once; for which
reafon the Year when it was done, Tviz. i6I, was mark'd in the
Fafji with the Confulate of the two Augufti.
It wai a furprizing SpeCiacle to the People of Rome to fee
themfelves governed by two Sovereigns, after fo much Blood
fipilt for the Choice of a fingle Malter.
The Empreffes alfo took the Quality of .Augufje; and even
foome Ladies of the Imperial Family, who had never been Wives
of Emperors.
On Medals and Coins, fome of the antient Kings of France
are alfo found with the Appellation Augufi; particularly Childe-
bert,Clotbaire, and Clovis: add that the Wife of this laff, Chrototo-
childa, is alfo call'd; by Heric, in his Book of the Miracles of
St. Germain, indifferently, either Augufla, or kaeen.
The HiJloria AUGUSTA, is the Hiftory of the Roman Empe-
rors from the time of Adrian to Carinus, compofed by fix Latin
Writers.
AUGUSTALIA, in Antiquity, a Feaft inflituted in Honour
of the Emperor A4ugujius. See FEAST.
This Feltival was firit eftabliflied after he had ended all his Wars,
and fettled the Affairs of Sicily, Greece, Ajia, Syria, and the Par-
thianm.-The Day whereon he made his Entry into Rome, was
appointed to be kept a Feaft; and was called Auguflalis.  See
AUGUSTA LIS.
AUGUSTALIA was alfo a Name given to the Games cele-
brated in Honour of the fame Prince, on the 4th of the Ides of
Ot1ober. See GAME. See alfo AUGUSTALIS.
AUGUSTALIS, in Antiquity, a Name given by theRomans
10. to thofe who led the firft Ranks of an Army; 2". to cer-
tain Magiflrates in Cities; 39. to all the Officers of the Empe-
ror's Palace.
The Governor or Prxefed of Egypt is particularly called Au-
3uJlalir, or Prafedus Auguflalis; as being firif effablifled by Au-
guftus, after the DeCeat of Mark Anthony and Cleopatra.  He re-
fided at Alexandria.
AUGUSTALIS was alfo a Prieft or Pontiff, invefted'with the Di-
re6tion and Superintendency of the Games perform'd in Honour
of Auguflus. See GAME, PONTIFF, &c.
The ,Agujiales were initituted by Tiberius, immediately after
Augujlus's Death; as is obferv'd by Tacitus, who affures us they
were Priefts.-Several Cities had fix of thefe Augjifales; whence
they were call'd, Seviri Augulahles.
AUGUSTAN Conferiion, was a Confefflon of Faith, made
by the the antient Reformers at Augujta, or Augsburg, in Ger-
many. See CONFESSION, REFORMATION, PROTESTANT, Lu-
THERANISM, &c.
AUGUST, in Chronology. See MONTH.
AUGUSTINS, an Order of Religious; thus called from St.
dguflin, whofe Rule they obfierve.  See ORDER and RELI-
GIOUS.
The Auguin's, popuilarly alfo called Asdlin Fryars, were origi-
nally Hermits, whom Pope Alexander IV. firft congregated into
one Body, under their General Lanfranc, in 1256.  See HER-
MIT.
The Auguflins are clotb'd in Black, and make one of the four
Orders of Mendicants. See MENDICANT.
From the1e arofe a Reform, under the Denomination of Bare-
foot Auguftint, or Miwrites, or Fqyart Minor.  See MINOR and
MIWORIT.


A VI


There are alib Canons Regular of St. 'ufin, who are
clothed in white, excepting their Cope, which is black.-At Pa-
ris they are known under the Denomination of, Religious of Ge.
nevieve; that Abby being the Chief of the Order.  See GENE-
VIEVE.
There are alfo Auguflines, or Nuns, who obferve the Rule of
St. Auguftmn. See RELIGIOUS and NUN.
The AUGUSTIN of j7anfenius is a celebrated Treatife ofthat Au-
thor, Bifhop of Tpres, entitled, Corne/i Yanfeaii Epjfiopi Iprenfis,
Auguftinus; the firit Tome whereof contains a Difcourfe againit
Pelagianifaz and the fecond divers Trearifes of Reafon; the ufe
of Authority inTheological Matrers the State of Innocence; fall
of Nature by Sin, Grace, &c.-Frorn thefe feveral Treatifes
were colledted the five famous Propofitions, enumerated under
the Article JANSENISM.
AU-GUY-I'AN-NEUF,orAGUILLANNSEUF. See MISLE-
To and Viscus.
AVIGNON-Berry, call'd alfo, Frochb Berrt, is the Fruit of
a Shrub, by forne Authors call'd Licum; growing plentifully neara
Avignon, &c. in France. See BERRY.
The Berry is fomew hat leis than a Pea; its Colour Green,
approaching towards a Yellow; of an aftringent and bitter l afte.
-It is much ufed by the Dyers who Rain a yellow Colour with
it; and by the Painters, who make a fine 'glden Yellow of it.
See YELLOW.
AULA, in our antient Law-Books, fignifies a Court Baron.
-Aula ibidem testa quarto die AIuguj, &c. See BARON.
Aoda Ecclefx is what we now call Navis Eiclrfx. See NAVE.
AULIC, AUiLICA, an Aft which a young Divine maintains
in fome foreign Univcrtities, upon the Admitlion of a new Do-
cor of Divinity. See ACT.
It is fio called from the Latin, Aula, a Hall; it being in the
Hall of the Univerfity that this Adt is ufually held.  &c UNI-
VERSITY, DEGREE, DOCTOR, &c.
T he Perfon who prelides at the Difputation is he fame, that
is, to take the Dodor's Cap.
AULIC, AULICUS, is alfo a Name attributed to certain Offl-
ccrs of the Emperor, who compofe a 1uperior Court or Coun-
cil, which has an univerfal Jurildidion, and without Appeal, o-
ver all the Subjeds of the Empire, in all Proceffes enter'd there-
in. See EMPEEOR and EMPIRE.
We fay Au/ic Council, the Aulic Court or Chamber, Aulic
Councellor, &-c.
The Auiec Council is effabliflied by the Emperor, who nomi-
nates the Officers; but the Eledor of Mentz has a right of v1-
fiting it.-It is compos'd of a Prefident, who is a Catholick; a
Vice-Chancellor, prefented by the Eledqor of Mentz, and of
eighteen Alleffors, or Counfellors, nine whereof are Proteflants,
and nine Romanifts. See ASSESSOR.
They are divided into two Benches, one whereof is taken up
by Nobles, and the other by Lawyers.-They hold their
Affembly in the Prefence of the Emperor; and for that reafon
are called Y.ujiium Imperatoris, the Emperor's O7flice; and A4ulic
Council, becaule theirs follows the Emperor's Court, A4ula, and has
irs Refidence in the Place where he is -This Court claihes a
little with the Imperial Charnber of Spires; in that they are pre-
ventive of each o.her: It not being allowed to remove any Caufe
from the one to the other. See L\1PERIAL CHAMBER.
Nor can the Emperor himfelf hinder or fufpend the Decifions
of either Court; much lefs call any Caufc betore himfelf which
has once been before them ; without the Confent of the States
of the Empire. Yet, in forne Cafes the fame Council forbears
making any peremptory Conclufion without the Emperor's Par-
ticipation; and only Decrees thus, Fiat Votum ad Cefarem; that
is, make a Report hereof to the Emperor in his Privy-Council.
AULNEGER, or ALNAGER. See ALNAGER.
AUMONE, or ALMS. SeeALXuS.
Tenure in AUMONE, is where Lands are given to a Religious
Houfe, or Church, that fome Service may be faid for the good
of the Donor's Soul. See TENURE.
AUMONIER, or ALMONER. See ALMONER.
AUNCIENT Demain. See ANTIENT Demain.
AVIARY, a Houfe or Apartment for the keeping, feeding,
and propagating of Birds. See BIRD.
The Word is forn'd of the Latin, Avis.
AUNCEL-Weight, quafi, Havdfel-Weight, is a kind of Ballance,
confifing of Scales hanging on Hooks faften'd at each End of a
Beam or Staff, which a Man lifts up on his Hand or Fore-finger,
and fo discovers the Equality or Difference between the Weight
and the Thing weigh'd. See BALLANCE.
There being great Deceits pradiced in thefe Weights, they
were prohibited by feveral Statutes ; and the even Ballance alone
commanded. See WEIGHT and STANDARD.
The Word is fill ufed in fome Parts of England, to fignify
Meat fold by poifing in the Hand, without putting it into the
Scales.
AVISO, an Advice, piece of Intelligence, or Advertifement;
to notify fome Event, or Matter worthy of Knowledge.  See
ADvERTIS9MENT, eta
The Word is Italian, anid is chiefly ufed in Matters of Com-
merce.
AVO-


AUG