FRU


( i5 )


FJUG


0These Framentarii did not make any particular Corps,
I.diflin&r from thq oither Forces : But there were a certain
in Number of them in each Legion; as, among us, there are
nEacertain Number of Grenadiers in each Battalion. Accor-
dinglh, in antient Infcriptions, we meet with Frumzentarii
~n of this or that Legion.
'Tis fumts'd they were originally a Number of young Per-
fions dilos d by 4qugujtcs throughout the Provinces, particu-
vlarlyon all the grand Roads, to advertife the Emperor with
all lexpeditioni of every'thing that happen'd. In order to
this, they had a kind of Intendance of all the Carriages:
W And on this account came to be employ'd for the Convey-
El ance of Corn, Frrumentum, to the Armies: Whence their
Appellation.
Afterwards they were incorporated into the Troops them-
elbeves ; where they Still retain'd their antient Name.
*     Their principal Office was the giving of Intelligence; in
g. which they agreed with thofe call'd Cvriori, with whom
,cthey were fre uently join'd. See CuRiosi.
AFRUMENVY, popularly FuRmETY, a kind of Pottage,
.,,              .Xor Broth, the Bafis whereof is Wheat, boil'd up with Mik
Sugar, and ometimes Spice.
5Pliny tells us, that in his Time they mix'd Chalk among
it. Galen describes it as a very nutritious fort of Corn or
Pulfe, boil'd with Water. Wine, and. Oil.
iThe Latins call'd it _4lica, which Feflus derives ab alen-.
10 do * as being very feeding. But then it mudf be obferv'd,
r   they made it of any kind of Corn.
In    Ours beingp refarain'd, to Wheat, we have given its Deno-,
mination accordingly, from Fritmentum.- An Erulfioni
.Hn wherein Wheat were an Ingredient, would be a kind of
Frumenty.
F RUSTUM, in Mathernaticks, a Piece cut off or Sepa-
rated from. a Body.
r  Thus the Frua~um of a Pyramid, or Cne, is a Part, or
Piece thereof;5 cut off, ufually, by a Plane, parallel to the
Bafe. See PYRAMij), and CONE.
All round, and fquare Timber that goes tapering, may be
.conceived as the Fru/}sm of a Cone, or Pyramid;i to find
the Quantity whereof, take the following Theorem;5 which
in the main is Mr. Ougbtred's, Given, B. the Side of the
iGreater Bafe, h the leafier Bafe's Side, A the Height of the
Frujffum : Tho', below, we fuppofe B and b to reprefent the
.Arees of the two Bafes. W~hole Height a +1 Ai  H.
C~~~~~~o aean atclrCrs
a~ ~ ~   ~~~cs          u teewr        eti
0~ ~ ~~~~~in             s  mn    s hr    r
a~ ~~~~~~ir nec              atlo.Acr
t~ ~ ~   ~~~s        eme      ihFuznai
I~ ~ ~~~~~ial aNme               fyugPr
a~ ~~~~~~ogotth               rvnepriu
4~~~~~~~           oavrieteEprrwt
t~ ~ ~   ~~~gta          apnd     nodrt
C~ ~ ~   ~~~edneofalteCrigs
(~ ~ ~   ~~~Db         mloe    o  h   ovy
I. ~ ~ ~   ~   ~  o h     ris Wec hi
ii~ ~ ~  ~   ~~rrtd noteTop hm
I~ ~ ~~~~~' hi nin               ae
t~ ~~~~~~;tegvn              fItliec;i
r~ ~ ~~~~~f           aldCroi      ihwo
~~~~~~~1e CROI
Thefe ~ ~ ~~i Wheatai did' upwihMik
[jflin& ~  ~     Tim from th' other   amorg
certain ~ ~    ~  er Numberou ofr ofrCorndo
lingy, n anien InfripionsadOl
f this or hat Legion
'Tis ~ ~  ~   ~   het fu1es' they weren itsrin
.11 Expeditionmenof.everyEmuthinn
his, ~ ~ ~   ~   gait theyd had  a kind of It
~~~~nd ~  ~      sics on thise accun cam  toSe
nce~ ~ ~   ~~wad of Corn, FruamPnrt,,or
~~~ppellaty b aPlne             arlll o h
Afterwards ~    ae they were incoigma b
elves; ~ ~P where the       Pyramid retaind
Their ~ ~   ~   th principal Oheorce wasc
vhich ~ ~ ~   ~  's theyn agee  with the fh
r~~~~~~~            ' Broth, th Bahe whereot ofth
;ugar, ~ ~ ~  ~   ppf an foetme Spice.efntth
~~~~~~.~Vl Galeht aecie it- as aH
viat.   acodigy   from              r gu"     e


f~. Firfir, to find a, fay,
as B- b: A':: A :
ma       n Aport.Ar. Nowrs
:B-b x
e   3 times the whole Py-
glZ rasid, becaume any Ptifma
is a times a Pyramid of
'.  the fame Bafe, and Height
with it, by 7 and lo Eu-
'd     lodand hae3 timesthe
-;  per Pyrasnid.
Wherefore BhH Coe a
equl t th  Frftu  ofthe Pyramid required; which
0y the whole Wheigtnce their
,porteg into then Toone thirdmo
the giin o Iteliene;i
ay proceed fvrorz with who~m o
eFu-mEcut to kind the Pottuage
Wheants, arbtoi' up wit Milk,
rplime bhy Sir' ChwalCke amon
ver nurtiu foa Cacrt of Cor for
waehichi eflu erintvtesa aenu-
mproremenit, muffkes itbfervi
-orns.
reat, wentimens giekno isDno-,
Word fientfims.-An arndlthat
Taxien, woul beofn lakind of
tickslaPicest f or Failespall
vraide orMoney.   iSe aParto
,bner thavingoe taperig graynted
agCoe, or Pyramid upo the find
.hOe following Thoreemry which
9. Givernce lai th Side ofxthf
equal to ~ ~~theFd   f tes SyaideAth Heqightd-   thec
on   ,ea  only; Hi   Nuceow


Theorem in Words is this.
Multiply the lower Bafe by the whole Height; and from
the Produ6& fubtra& the upper Bafe multiply'd by the
Height of the Top-piece wanting; and then one third of
the Remainder 1hall give the Fruflum.
And the fame way you may proceed for the Frufjum of
a Cone; only it will be more difficult to find the Circular
Bafes.
FRUTEX, SHRUB, a Vegetable, of a Genus between a
Tree, and Herb; but of a woody Subflance. See SHRUB.
FRUTICOSE Stalks, of Plants, are thofe of a hard
woody Sub lance. See STALK.
FRYTH, or IFRITH, is explain'd by Sir Edward Coke, as
a Plain between two Woods; a Lawnd. Chaucer ufes it for
a Wood.
Camden, for an Arm of the Sea; or a Streight, between
two Lanas : from Fretum.-Maketh his Iffue into the Eflua-
ry or Frith of Ylhames.
Smith, in his England's Improvement, makes it fignify
all Hedge-wood, except Thorns.
How to reconcile thefe different Sentiments, we know not;
but we are fure the Saxon Word fignifies Peace; and that
Fryth, in our Records, is often us'd For a Wood: Letior, tu
tibi Oedipns eflo.
FUAGE, or FOCAGE, a Tax, or Impofition, laid on
earthes or Chimnies; i- e. Fire-plasc or Families, call'd


i..alo Hearth Silver, and Chimney Money. See HEARTH
g-Silver, and CHIIMNEY Money.
Edward III t ,he Black Prince, having acquitare granted
him, laid an ImpofiWion of Fuage, or Focage upon the Sub-
Hjeis of that Dukedom, viz. One Shillig g for every Fire.
After his Example, Charles V. of France laid a like Tax of
Franc ton each Flire for one Yfear only. His th cce Cir


Charles VI. augmented it under the fame Name: Charles
VII. render'd it perpetual, and call'd it  faille.
By an Ordinance of Huimbert II. Dauphin of Frances
the Impofition of Fouage, or Fenage, was then laid per Feu,
i. e. per Fire, or Family, feui per Lares focuzm habentes.
In Latin it was call'd Focagium, q. d. pro .finlis focis.
Sometimes it was alfo call'd iournage, on account of the
Oven, or Furnace: In Greek raz;,1xa of        furils,
Smoak.
In Will. Oyr. de Bello Sacro, it is call'd Foagiumn: For it
was alfo impos'd by the Kings of 7erufalem. The Counts,
and other Lords likewife impos'd it on their Feudataries, or
Vaffals. zonaras afflures us, that the General Nicepborns
firfl eflablifh'd it among the Greeks.
FUCUS, in Natural Hiflory, a Sea-plant, call'd alfo 41-
pa. See Marine PLANNT.
The Flowers of the Fucus grow on the whole Extent of
its Leaves; in form of little Tufis, compofed of a great
Number of exceedingly fine Filaments, about the length
of a Line. The Seed is inclos'd in a vilcid Matter, at the
Extremity of the Leaves. See MusiftooM, CORAL, GE-
NERATION of Plants, SEED, &c.
Focus is alfo us'd for a Paint, or a Compofition applied
on the Face, to beautify it, and heighten the Complexion.
See COSME T IC.
Old Women make ufe of Fatcus's and Pomatums, to ap-
pear young. The Fucus made with Cerufs, is corrosive,
and pernicious to the Skin.
The Chymiffs abufe the Ladies in felling them Oil of
Bricks, as an excellent Fucus. Pliny fays, that the Fuc1is
of the Roman Ladies was a kind of white Earth, or Chalk
brought from Chio, and Samos, diTolv'd in Water.
The Fucus Solimanni is a Compofition of prepared Subli-
mate, in great Repute among the Spaniards of Peru.
FUEL, or FEWEL, the Pabulum of Fire; lee FEWEL.
FUGA Vacui, in the antient School Philofophy, a Prin-
ciple, whereby various Effeds were produced, arifing from
a fuppofed Averfion, in Nature, to a Vacuum. See VA-
CUUM.
The Fuga Vacui was a very fertile, and extenfive Prin-
ciple; and folved abundance of Difficulties with a deal of
Eafe. Suppofe, e. gr. a Syringe; immerfe one Extreme
of it in Water; and draw up the Embolus, or Suckers
Then hear how the Antients will reafon upon it. They firft
laid it down for granted, that there can be no Vacuum; then
arguing, that there mufi be a Vacuum, unlefs the Water
Ihould follow the Embolus; they conclude, that the higher
the Embolus is drawn, the higher fhall the Water afcend;
and this, FuggaF acui, to keep out a Vacuum.
In after times, the Matter was flared in other Terms;
and the Water was faid to rife, Metu Vacui, for fear of the
Vacuum; which muff otherwife enfue. And at length, as
if this were not enough, inflead of Fuga, and 1Ietns, they
fubflituted the Word Horror; and affirm'd, that the W~ater
rofe out of Natures Abhorrence of a Vacuum. Which was
jufi as good Senfe, as if a Perfon being alk'd, Why Ccal3
were brought to London 7? hould anfwer, That it was done
flga, or nzetii. or horrore frigoris; forfear of Cold. Which
is giving the Final Caufe, when the Efficient one was re-
quired.
Mofi of the Phxnomena, which the Antients afcribed to
the Fuga Facui, the Moderns have d(emonflrated to arife
from the Gravity and Prefrure of the Air. This is the Cafe
in the Afcent of Water in Syringes, Pumps, Eic. See AIR;
fee alfo PUMP, SYRINGE, &C.
FUGAIJA, in Antiquity, a Feafi, celebrated among;
the Romans. See FEAST.
Hoffman, after Feflus, takes the Fugalia to be the farrd
with the Regifugium, a Feafc held on the Z4't of February;
in Memory of the Expulfion of the Kings, and the abolith-
ing of the Monarchical Government. But Struvius, 4An-
tiq. Roman. Syntag. c. 9. diflinguifhes the Fugalia from the
Regifuge: And even doubts, whether the Regifugium were
thus called on account of the Expulfion of the Kings ; or,
by reafon the Rex Sacrorum, after the Sacrifice was endtedi
fled haflily out of the Forum, and Comitia. See REG1FU-
GIUM.
Be this as it will, the only antient Author of Note, that
makes exprefs mention of the F'igalia, is St. _ngrflin, De
Civit. fDei, L. II. c. 6. And his Commentator Vives, Ihews
a great Inclination to corre& the Reading of the Word, were
it not, that St. duguftin adds, that the Feaft was a true
Fugalia; all Decency and Modefty being banifh 'd there-&
from.
That learned Perfon conjeciures, that the Fugalia were
the fame thing with the 'Poplifhigia, or the Feait of Fit-
gia, the Goddefs of Joy; occafioned by the Rout of an E^
nemy; which was the Reafon way the People abandon'd
themfelves to Riot and Debauchery: And that the Feaf*t
was firfi inflituted on occafion oF the Viodry'gain'd over
the Ficulncates, Fidenates, and neighbouring Nations, upon
their Attempt to take Poffelfion of Rome, the Day af-
* Da                      tet


in


in


IC
C
t
j
t
C
t
r
C