( 'li)


The fourth, the Anema, or Wind Fdrnace$ call'd alfo
Melting Furnace, and Metallic Furnace ; us'd in the Fufion
of Metals, Minerals and Vitrifications.
It is catl'd Wind Furnace, by reafon the Air drives forcibly
in at the fame, to blow up the Coals: Its Form is much like
that of the Reverberatory Furnace, only lets.
For the Reverberatory Furnace, fee REVERBERATORY.
FURNACE of a Mine, in the Art of War; fee CHAMBER
and MIN E.
FURNITURE, in Dialling, certain additional Points
and Lines, drawn on a Dial, by way of Ornament. See
DIAL.
Such are the Signs of the Zodiac, Length of Days, Paral-
lels of Declination, Azimuths, Meridians of the principal
Cities, Yabylonick and Italian Hours, Points of the Com-
pafs, Uec. See DIALLING.
For drawing Furniture on Dials, the Analemma, or Tri-
gon of Signs is an Infirument of principal Ufe. See ANA-
LEMMA.
FUROR Uterinus, a Species of Madnefs, peculiar to
Women, exciting them to a vehement Defire of Venery,
And rendering them infatiate therewith. See UTERINE
Fury.
It is owing, according to Sennertus, to a too great Abun-
dance of Semen, and a preternatural Heat and Pungency
thereof.
FURR, the Skin of divers kinds of Wild Beafls, drefs'd
with the Hair on; to be us'd as a Lining, or Doubling of
Garments, Robes, E5c. either for Warmth, Ornament, or
Diflindion of Rank and Dignity.
The Robes of Kings, Dukes and Peers are lined with
divers kinds of Furrs, ar.d particularly Ermine, to render
them more magnificent. See ERMINE, &C.
The fame may be obferv'd of feveral chief Magifirates;
Judges, and Dodors of different Faculties in the Univer-
ities.
The Kinds of Furrs, or the Skins chiefly drefs'd in Alum,
and with the Hair on, are thofe of the Ermine, Sable,
Squirrel, Cony, Caflor, Otter, fDog, Fox, WolJ; 2iger,
.Zear, &c. See SKIN.
The Word is form'd of the French Fourrure, a Lining;
which fDu Conge derives from Furrura,, us'd, in the bar-
barous Latin, for the fame thing. We alto meet with Ibr-
ratura, foderata, fodrasum, and Jodratura, in the fame
fenfe.
FURR, in Heraldry, a Reprefentation of the Skins of cer-
tain wild Bealls, feen, both in the Doublings of the Mantles
of Coat Armour, and in the Armour it felf.
The Heralds ufe two Metals, five Colours, and two Furrs,
or hairy Skins, Ermin and Paire.
The Origin of thefe Furrs, Mackenzy afcribes to the
Shield's being antiently cover'd with Skins; which Skins or
Coverings were afterwards reprefented in the Shields: A
more probable Derivation, in our Opinion, than to fay they
were plac'd on Shields, becaufe they had been wore in Man-
tles and Garments.
Furrs either confifi of one Colour, which is zvhite; or
more than one; and thefe either two, or more than two.
Flurrs of two Colours are either Irmine, being white
with black Spots; Ermines, black with white Spots; Er-
minois, whofie Ground is yellow; or Pean, which is black,
pouder'd with yellow. See ERMINE, PEAN, SC.
Frirrs of more than two Colours are Fair. See VAIR,
and VAIRY.
FURRIER, a Perron who trades, or works in Furrs, or
lines Robes, Uec. therewith. See FURR.
FURRING, in Architedure, the making good the Raf-
ters Feet in the Cornice. SeeRAFTER.
Thus, when Rafters are cut with a Knee, thefeFurrings
are Pieces which go Tfrait along with the Rafter, from the
Top of the Knee, to the Cornice.
Alfo, when Rafters are rotten, or funk hollow in the Mid-
dle, there are Pieces cut thickel in the Middle, and taper-
ing towards each End, which are nailed upon them to make
them firait. Such Pieces are called Furrs; and the Put-
ting them on, FPrring the Rafters.
FUSAROLE, in Architedure, a Moulding, or Orna-
ment, placed immediately under the Echinus, in the fDoric,
Ionic, and Compofite Capitals
The Fufarole is a round Member, carved, in manner of
a Collar or Chaplet, with oval Beads. The Fufarole mhould
always anfwer exadly under the Eye of the Volute in the
laic Capital.
The [talians call it Fufciolo; and the French, from whom
we borrow it, Fufarolc.
FUSEE, or Fvsy, in Watch-work, is that cojnical Part,
drawn by the Spring, and about which the Chain, or String
is wrapp'd. See WATCH.
The Spring of a Watch is the firfi Mover. It is roll'd up
in a Cylindrical Box, againfi which it adts, and which it
turns round in unbending itfelf. The String, or little Chain,
which at one End is wound about the Fufee, and at the other


failen'd to the Spring-box, difengages itfelf from the PFreo
in proportion as thp Box is turn'd. And hence the MotioR
of all the other Parts of the Spring Watch. See SrRING.
Now the Effort, or Afion of the Spring is continually di-
minilhing from firff tolai; and of confequence, unlefs that
Inequality was reaif4'd, it would draw the String with more
Force, and wind a greater Quantity of it upon the Box at
one time than another; fo that the Movement would never
keep equal time.
To corret this Irregularity of the Spring; nothing could
be more happily contriv'd than to have the Spring applied
to the Arms of Levers, which are continually longer as the
Force of the Spring is weaker. This foreign Aflillance, al-
ways increasing as 'tis moli needed, maintains the Action,
and Effedt of the Spring in an Equality.
'Tis for this reafon, that the Pufy is made of a conical Fi-
gure. Its Axis, which is immoveable, is the Series of the
Centres of all the unequal Circumferences, which compofe
the Surface of the Fujy. According as the Part of a String
which is untwifling, is applied to a larger Circumference, it
is at a greater Dittance from the fix'd Point in the Axis,
corresponding thereto; and of consequence the Power which
draws by this String, viz, the Spring, ads with the more Ad-
vantage. The Spring begins to draw by the Top of thei
Cone i the moft difad vantageous Part, by reafon its own
Force is then the greatef. See LEVErp..
If the Adion of the Spring diminifh'd equally, as the Pa-
rallel Bafes of a Triangle do; the Cone, which is generated
of a Triangle, would be the precife Figure requireJ for the
Fitfee. But 'tis certain the weakening oF the Spring is not
in that Proportion i and of confequenZc the lz3 lhould not
be conical.
In effed, Experience mhews, that it fhould not be flridly
fo; but that it be a little hollow toward the Middle, i. en
the Arm of the Lever mull be there a little fhorten'd i by
reafon the Adion of the Spring is not fufficiently diminifh'd
of it felf.-
'Tis a Matter of Inquiry among Geometricians what the
precife Figure of the Fujyl mould be; that is, what the
Curve is, by whofe Revolution round its Axis, the Solidi
whofe Figure the Fufy is to have, mhall be produced.
M. Varignon has determ'd this Curve. The Axis of the
Pufee is alfo the Axis of the Curve, which is convex on the
Side toward the Axis, and of confequence concave all the
way on the other, or outer fide ;andf the Ordinates are the
different Diflances wherein the String is to be with regard to
all the fucceffive fix'd Points of the Axis.
The Force of the Spring multiplied by the Arm of the
Lever it is applied to, each Moment, being always to make
an equal Produd ; it follows that when the Solid of the
Curve mhall be form'd, an Ordinate multiplied by the Sur-
face of the Solid comprized between that Ordinate, and the
greatefl of all the Ordinates, viz. that of the Bafe, will al-
ways yield a Produ& equal to that of any other Ordinates
multiplied in the fame manner. For the Ordinates are only
Arms of the Lever; and the Parts of the Surface compre-
hended between them and the Bafe are equal to the Lengths
of the String, which cover them; i. e. to the correfpondent
Forces of the Spring: Which is what conflitutes the Equa-
tion, and the Eflence of the Curve.
FusEE, FuSIL, or FUSE, in War, an Appendage of a
Bomb, or Granado-Shell, by which the Powder or C'ompo-
fition in the Shell is fet on Fire, to do the defign'd Execu-
tion. See BOMB, and GRANADO.
The Pnfee is a wooden Pipe or Tap, fill'd with Wild-fires
or the like Compofition; and is defigns to burn fo long, and
no longer, as is the time of the Motion of the Bomb from
the Mouth of the Mortar, to the Place, where it is to fall -
which Time is about 2.7 Seconds: So that the ERife muft be
contriv'd, either from the Nature of the Compofition or the
Length, of the Pipe which contains it, to burn jufi that
time.--
The ufual Compofition of Fufces is two Ounces of Nitre,
to one of Sulphur, and three of Gunpowder Dull.
The Word is French, and literally denotes a Spindle.
FUSIBILITY, that Quality in Metals, and MineralsF
which difpofes them for Fufion. See FUSION.
Gold is more fiffble than Iron, or Copper; but lefs fa
than Silver, Tin, and Lead. See GOLD, SILVER, &C.
Borax is frequently mix'd with Metals, to render theit
more fuVible. SeeBOR AX.


FUSIL, in Heraldry, by the French
called Fufee, q. d. Spindle, is a bearing
of a Rhomboidal Figure, more ilender
than the Lozenge ; its upper and lower,
Angles being more acute than the two
collateral or middle ones: as reprelented
in the adjoining Figure.
FUSILIERS, in an Army, are the
Am,-. vv ~th Mufaueteers: and are called


fo from  the Word Fui], a Fire-arm,
or Mufquet. See MUSOKETS                       MSIL'


PUS


FUS