t 2 iI


They were chafe out of the Flits, br  Patri-
nd held their Office fbr Life. They were exempted
erving is War, and from the Offices impofed on the
itizens: Without them  the  ales of the Sybils
not be consulted.
Commiffion held till the Year of Adome 388, when)


At the Requelt of C. Licinius, and L, Sexius, Tribunes of
thePeople, they were chang'd into Decemviri ; that is, in lieu
of pz'o Perfons, the Truff was committed to ten, half Pa-
triclans, half Plebeians. See DECEMiVRI.
ytl added five to their Number, upon which they be-
came denominated     indecemvirs. Their Body was after-
wards much increafce, and at length amounted to fixty;
yet fill retain'd the Denomination of 4uiazdeceinviri. See
0  hoWere ienfirelv AA;if' (W m er Ahe FPmnprnr 7'hondn-


salong with the reft of the Heathen Superf itions. See
IlLS.
The Capital DuUMvIRs, DZjuvmviri Perduellionis, were
ordinary Magifirates ; but created on certain Occurran-
The firil Duumvirs of this Kind were thofe appointed
udge the furviving Horatius, for killing his Sifter, after
fuihhing the Curiatii.
Z.b Word is comrnofed of duo. two. and Vir- Ma n.


There were alfo 2Duumvirs in the Roman Colonies; who
held the fame Rank and Authority in their refpeaive Colo-
Mies, that the Confuls held at Rome. They were chofe out
of the Body of Decariones, and wore the Pretexta, or Robe
border'd with Purple.
There were alfo Municipal Duumvirs, whom Figenere
compares to our Sheriffs, or rather Mayors of Towns.
DUUMVIRATE, !Duumviratus, the Magifirature, Office,
or Dignity of the !Duumvirs. See DUUMVIR.
The fLDuumvirate lafled till the Year of Rome 388; when
it was chang'd into a fDecemvirate. See DECEMVIRATE.
DWAL, in Heraldry, the Herb Nigit-Jbade ; ufed by fdch
,as blazon with Flowers and Herbs, inflead of Colours and
Metals, for Sable, or Black. See SABLE, SC.
DWARF. See GYANT, PIGMY, and STATURE.
DwAtrP-Y'rees, are Fruit-Trees, thus call'd from the Low-
nefs of their Stature; frequently planted in the Borders of
Gardens. See FRU I T-7ree.
They feldom grow above 4 or 5 Foot high; and have
ufually a Hoop tied within the Middle of the Branches, to
make 'em fpread a-round.
5D'zvarfrI'rees are of efpecial Advantage for Table-Fruit,
whether Pears, Apples, Plums, or Cherries; The Fruit they
yield is ufually of the finefi, and heft; and as fuch they
make a confiderable Article in the Gardeners Province.
There are divers Ways of Producing !D'warfs.
n:hrs aeflv produced bv Inoculating on


which grow the ODwzarf's Height.
warJyApples, the Stocks they chufe to graft on
.ed of the Cuttings of the Apple.
provide Stocks of each Kind7, they chufe fuch
Branches, as grow firaightefi ; in the Month of
m Trees whofe Cuttings will grow, or which in
y are to be grafted in are at leafi an Inch thick:
an Hand's Breadth below the Knots, or Burs,
ie Places where they ufually put forth their
cut off the Top, that they may not be above a
f they cannot be got Co long of Quinces, fhorter
off all Side-Branches clofe to the Body, except
ig near the Top for the Sap to vent it Celf at.
Beds, as Seed-plants are; and keep 'em a Foot
1d.
newhat difficult, to get enough of Cuch Branches
and Knots on 'em; a particular Method has
i to bring thofe Knots, and Burs, artificially,
,poftion. It is perforni'd by tying Come Earth
F old Hat, a Foot long, about the Place where
, cut, in the Month of February5 and in Otto-
ave fhot Roots therein.
alone, as are apt to put forth Roots, are pro-
of Stocks v as the Kent jb Codlin, Gernet Moil,
F fweet Apple, Bitter Sweets, Quince-tree, Mul-
nd the Paraidife Apple Tree,.
'Diar.f Apple- r4ees, are likewife rais'd by cut-
m old Tree, which is apt to cafi forth good
the old Roots; which at two Years Age may
:ed, or ele inoulated where they, hand.
vwarf Pear-7rees, Stocks may be rais'd for them
kers of old Pear-trees. Elfe, cut of the Top of
Pear-tree, and the Root& will cafi forth Suckers.
f Cherries and 'Plums, Suckers of the common
tnd ordinary Plum-tree, are the beft.
Grafting, or Inoculating Of Dwarf-Stocks, it
tie as low as may be, with two Cyons, and
than in Grafting for long Standards; that they
front the Ground.   See ENoRAFTING.


DYP


As   the Pnting ofZwarf-T'rees, 'tis beft in a light;
hot Earth, fronm the Middle of Oaober, to the End of No-
vember.   In cold, wet Soil, 'tis beft in March and April.
The Stem of the Tree to be cut off Ceven or eight Inches above
the Graft; and remember to cut off half the Length of the
Roots, and hairy Fibres; To turn the Cut of the three towards
the North i to let the Graft always be two or three Inches
above the Ground, left it take Root ; To plant 'em fhallow,
as being apt of themfelves, in light Ground, to fink a Foot
deep, which is fufficient; and to cover the Ground, when they
are planted, with Horfe-Litter.
DYE, in Architecture, is the Middle of the Pedeffali or
that Part which lies between the Bafe and the Cornice: be-
ing Co nam'd, becaufe it is frequently made in the Form of a
Cube, or !Dye. It is alfo call'a fDado, by the Italians 7 and
by Vitruvi us, Tlrun~cus. See PEDESTAL.
DYE, is alfo us'd for a Cube of Stone, placed under the
Feet of a Statue, and over its Pedefsal ; to raife it, and the*
it the more.
DYNASTY, a Term in Hiflory, fignifying a Race, or
Succeffion of Kings of the fame Line, or Family  See RACE.
We find frequent Mention in ancient Hiflory of Dynajfies
of Perfians, .ffyrians, Medes, &c.
Manetho has left an Hifforical Chronology of Egypt, di-
vided into 30 Dyna/fies.
The Word is form'd from the Greek JtVasef, of Juvauit4
to be po'werjful, to be King.
DYPTYCHA, or rather DIPTYCHA, in Antiquity, a pub-
lic Regifter, wherein were wrote the Names of theConfuls, and
other Magifirates, among the Heathens; and of Bifhops, and
defund, as well as furviving Brethren among the Chriflians.
,7uftinian, offended at Pope Vigil, for refuting to fubfcribe
the Condemnation of the three Chapters, gave Orders for his
Name to be erafed out of the Diptycha. Du 'Pit.   The
Emperor commanded the Name of the new Patriarch to be
enter'd in the ßL)iptycha Sacra.
'Tis certain, there were prophane D)iptycha's in the Greek
Empire, as well as facred Ones in tne Greek Church. The
former wer. the Matricula, or Regifier, wherein the Names
of the Magifirates were enter'd : In wnich $,nfe DZJi tycha
is a Term in the Greek Chancery.
Sacred DIPTYCHA. The Word is plural; 5Diptycha be-
ing a double Catalogue, in one whereof was wrote the Namles
of the Living, and in the other thofe of the Dead, which
were to be rehears'd during the Office. We meet with fome-
thing not unlike the Sacred Dfbiptychs of the Greeks, in the
Canon of the Mafs, according to the Latin Ufage; where
the People are enjoyn'd to pray once for the Living, and once
for the Dead 3 feveral Saints are invoked in different
Times, Uc.
Gentian Hervet explains the Word fDiptychs, iJrtXal
by Atar-Cloths: Meurfius, by that of Libeat Lcciefiajticij
Church-Books; But neither of thofe Authors, tho' in other
refpefts of great Abilities, and well verfed in the Greek An-
tiquity, has given the genuine Signification of the Word.
The !iPtycha were neither Altar-Cloths, nor Church-Books,
but a Sort of Tables, or Tablets, alike in Figure to the two
Tables of Stone given to Mofes; On one of thefe Tables
was wrote the Names of the Deceas'd, and on the other thofe
of the Living, for whom Prayers were to be offer'd; which
the Deacon read over, while the Mafs was celebrated.
In thefeDiptycha were enter'd the Names of Bilhops, who
had govcrn'd their Flocks a-right; and were never expunged
out of the fame, unlefs they were convicted ofHeref , or fume
other grofs Crime. In the L)i tycha were likewife enter'd
the Names of fuch as had done any fignal Service to the
Church, whether they were living, or dead, and mention was
made of 'em in the Celebration of the Liturgy. i
The Jefuite Rofweyd affirms, that few Names were enter'd
in the Sacred Y;Liptychs, but thofe of Bilhops and Patriarchs;
and doubts very much, whether the Sacred Delta, mention'd
by the pretended St. Dionyfius, Ecclefi Hierarch. f.J. where-
in were enter'd the Names of the new baptized, with their
God-fathers and God-mothers, were the fane with the Dip-
tycla. He allows, however, that the Names of the Empe-
rors, and other greatrPerfbns, difltinguili'd by their Faith, and
their Merits, or Benefadions, were us'd to be enter'd.
MeurJius, in his Glofarium Greco-Barbarym, imagines
'em to have wrote the jterm  Diptycba, by reafon there were
two Books, in one of which were wrote the Living, and in the
other the Jlead. But Fa. Rojieyd f{ews, he is miifaken :
For in effl:, there was but one, the Living being enter'd on
one Side thereof; and the Dead on the other. And if the
Living andX Dead, were each wrote in a feveral Book, each
of 'em was call'd Diptycha, and not both together.
C    rafbon, in his Obfervations on Arhenezzs, L. VI. C. 14.
fuppofes. the  Chriftians to have borrowed the Cuflom of
writing Names in a Book, and rehearsing 'em at Mls from
the Heathens, who enter'd the Names of Perions they would
do any fignal Honour to, in the Verfes of iSaii; as was
done to Germanicus, and Verus, Sons Of tieEmperor Mar-
B b*                    Ca$s


DWA








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