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Ag. i!.                               Ae v   P y
arBroin', of th Melon, the   aies? being MOpp'd r  off
the Circle F F  A B3E repretli nt the 1lead, placed in the
Center oi' the Flower, and form'd of the Circruvolut ios of
the A p ices B, and fulained by fourn Columns GOGG
=-Thie Part B of the 1Head reprefen'ts the Circumvolutions
of the Apices while yet fhut  and the Part E   renreets
them open, and covered with the Farina, which they be-
fore contained, but which is diffufed on, the outfide when
the Plant arrives 'at Maturity. Each Apex forms a kind of
Canal feparate by a Partition into two. A Grain of the
Farina is reprefented by D.  Fig. I. H, in the former
Figure, represents the Pedicle that fufains the Flower, and
which in the Male-Flower produces nothing.
Fig. I S. reprefents the Female Flower or Bloffom of the
Melon, or that which bears the Fruit.-The Leaves are
flrlpp'd off 'the Circle F F. as before, the better to fhew the
other Parts. The Knot of the Flower, or the Embryo of
the Fruit is reprefented by A. The Piflil is represented by B B -
and is only a Continuation of the Embryo of the Fruit A.
The top of the Piflul fpreads, in B B, into feveral oblong Bo-
dies, each feparable into two Lobes. Thefe Bodies are ve-
tyrough~fu~rnifb'd with Hairs and littleVeficles proper to catch
the Duff of the Male Flower, and to condu& th en to the
Mouths of the Canals, which communicate as far as the
Cells of the Grains contained in the young Fruit. Upon
cutting the Piftil tranfverfely in its fmalleft Part, we find as
many Canals as there are Divifions in its Head ; which Ca-
nals correspond to as many little Cells, each including two
Orders of Grains, or Seeds, ranged in a fpongy Placenta.
This Do&rine of Generation, affords us a Hint how to al-
ter, improve, cc. the Tafte, Form, Flowers, Qualiry
of Fruits, &c. viz. by impregnating the Flower of one, with
the' Farina of another of the fame Clafs.
To this accidental coupling and intermixing it is, that the
humberles Varieties of new Fruits, Flowers, c&c. produced
every Day; with many other'Phlenomena in the vegetable
kinadorn1 are to be afcribed. See MULE.
The Affeffation of Perpendicularity obferved in the Stalks
or Stems of Plants, as well as in their Branches and Roots
makes a fine Speculation.-'Tis a Phxnomenon never at-
tended to till very lately. The Caure is very fubtile, and
has employ'd the Wits of feveral of the prefent Set of Phi-
lolphers, particularly Aftrucz, de la Hire, Dodart, and Pa-
tent; fee' their feveral Syflems under the Article PERPEN-
DICULARITY.
Nor is that conftant Parallelifin obrerved in the Tufts of
Trees, to the Soil or Ground they grow upon; a Circum-
fiance to be over-lookd. See PARALLELISM.
For the Fecundity of Plants, &c.  See F EC UND I T Y,
&c.
DA? ribution of P L A N T S.
Plants may be divided, with regard to the manner of their
generating, into' I AMale, or fuch as bear no Fruit or Seed,
and have only the Male Organ of Generation, viz, the Fa-
rina.-Of this kind are the Male Palm -Tree, Willow, Po-
plar, Hemip, Nettle, and Hop-Tree.
2f Fcmale, or fuch as bear Fruit, and have the female Organ,
viz., the lPiftil, or Uterus, but want the Farina.-Such are
the female Palm, Willow, Poplar, &-c.
30 Hermaphrodites, or fuch as have both male and female
Parts, the Farina and Piftil.
Thefe are again fubdivided into thore in whofe Flower
both Sexes are united; as the Lilly, Gillifiower, Tulip, and
much the greater Partof thevegetable Species; whofe Piflil is
Surrounded by the Stamina.-And thofe whofe male and
female Parts are diflin&, and at a Diflance from each other;
fuch is the Rofe, whofe Uterus is beneath the Petala - the Me-
lon, and all of the Cucumber Kind, which have their male
and female Flowers a-part ; and all Fruit, Nut, and Mait-bear-
ing' Trees, as the Apple, Plum, Goofberry - the Walnut,
Razle, PhilbudOak, Beech, Pine, Cyprefs, 6edar, Juniper,
Mulberry, Plantane, c. which have Catkins.
Plants may be again diflinguifhed, with regard to their
Food, and the Element they live in; into-I0 Terrete,
which are thofe that live only on Land; as Oaks, Beech,
&ic.
:O Aguatic, which live only in Water; either in Rivers,
as the Water-Lilly, Water-Plantane, &c. or in the Sea, as
the Fucus, Coral, Coralline, &c.
30 Amphibious, which live indifferently either in LIand or
Water; as the Willow, Alder, Minths, &c.
Plants are again diftributed, with regard to their Age or Pe-
riod, into' l0 Anzual, which are thore' whofe Root is form'd
and dies in the fime Year - fuch are the legumitnous UPltvs,
Wheat, Rye,&C. 20'rifwatmas, which only produce Flowers
and Seeds, the feondor, even third Year after their beinris'd,
and then die; ifich are Fenel, Mint, &c  '3 Pri4,
which are thofe that never die after they have once bore
Sed i of thefe fome are Ever-Greens, as the AfrabaccaVia


let', ci' others lofe their  avet  n"e Part of the yea
Fern, Colts.fon,          .    :;.
Plants agaiv are diffinguilhed withtregrd to their Magh
nitude, &c. into, i0 Zves, Arbores; as the )akj Pine, Firi
Elms Sycamore, &c,-zQ Shrubs; Suifrutites as, the Hollyo
Box, Ivy, Junier, & c. and-30 Rrbs, as Mint, Sagejs'Sr-
rel, Thyme, c.    See TAhE, SHitUE, and HBRB        u
this Divifion is rather popular, than juft and philofophicaL.
The Botanills give us more accurate and minute Arranges
.ments, or Diftributions, of the Vegetable Kifigdon, into
Claffes, Genera, Species, &c. with regard to their Nature;
Charaters, &c. 'Tis a Point-they are not Well agreed upon
from what .Confideration the Divifiori into Genera is bell
taken; fome, as Ge/mer, C'olzmna, Tourneforti &c. chufing the
Flower and Fruit; and others taking in the Roots, Leaves,
Stems, &c. See farther under the Article GENus.
Our ingenious Mr. Ray difiributes Plants into Al Genera,
or Clafles, under the following Denominations.
If Im~perfet Plants which are fuch as appear to want the
Flower and Seed.-Such are, Corals, Sponges, Fungus's,
Truffles,Mofs. SeeCORAL, SPUNGE, MUSHR6OM, TRup-
FLE, and Moss.
2 Plants producing aa iniperfea ~Flower, and wbofe Seed
is too fimal to be difcerned by the naked Eye js~fuch are Ferng
Polypody, &c.   See FLOW ER.
3f Thofe whofe Flowers owant Petala ;-fuch are Hops,
Hemp, Nettles, Docks. See PEYALA, Ho",) &c.
40 Thofe with a compound Flower, and which emit a mil-
ky Juice when cut or broke; as Lettuce, Dandelion, Suc-
cory, &c. See Compound FLOWER.
5f Thofe with a compound Alower of a difcous Form, and
whofe Seed is winged with Down; as Colts-foot, Flea-bane,
&c. See WiNGED.
6f Herbs capitatx, or thofe whofe Flower is compofed of
long fiffulous Flowers gathered into a round Head, and co-
vered wi .h a fcaly Coat; as the Thiftle, great Burdock, Blue-
bottle, c'c.
70 Corymbiferous Plants with a difcous Flower, but no
Down; as the Daify, Yarrow, Corn-Marygold, &r. See
CORYMBUS.
80 Plants with a perfeU Flower, but only one Seed to
each Flower, as Valerian, Agrimony, Burnet, &c.
90 Vmbeiferous Plants, with a Flower of five Petalaj
and two Seeds to each Flower, See UM BEELL E.-This,
being a large Genus is fubdivided into feven Species, viz.
thofe with a broad flat Seed like a Leaf, as wild Garden
Parlnip: with a longifh and larger Seed, fwelling in the
middle, as Cow-weed, and wild Chervil    with a fhorter
Seed, as Angelica: with a tuberous Root, as the Earth-nut:
with a finall ftriated Seed, as Caraways, Saxifrage, and. Bar-
net: with a rough hairy Seed, as Parfly, and wild Carrot:
with intire Leaves fubdivided into Jags% as Senicle, and
Thoro-Wax.
100 Stellate Plants, whofe Teaves grow round the Stalksj
at certain Intervals, in form of Stars-; as hNug-Weed2 Mad-
der, &c. See STELLATE.
I I Rough leaved Plants, which have their Leaves placed
alternately, or in no certain Order along the Stalks i as
Hounds-Tongue, Moufe- Ear, &c.
14Q Suifrutices, or Verticillte Plants, whofe Leaves grow
by pairs, on their Stalks, one Leaf right againft another,
the Flower being monopetalous, and ufually in form of a
Helmet; as Thyme, Mint, Pennyroyal, Vervain, ("c. See
VERTiCILLATE.
130 Polyikermous, or thofe with many naked Seeds,
at leaft five, fucceeding their Flower; as Crows-foot,
Marfh-Mallows, Cinquefoil, Strawberries, &c. See POLY-
SPERMOUS.
14f Bacciferous Plants, or fuch as bear Berries; as Brio;
ny, Honey fckle, Solomon's-Seal, Lilly of the Valley,
Nightihade, Afparagus, &c. See B A C C [F E R 0 u S) BERRY,
&3c.
150 Multijiliquous, or Cornicalate Plants, which after each
Flower produce feveral long flender Siliqut, or Cafeswhere-
in their Seed is contained-, as Orpine, Navel-wort, Bears-
foot, Columbines, &c. See M u L Y I S I L I QU Q U S,C.
i6Q Vafculiferous Plants, or thofe with a Mntalos
Flower, and which, after each Flower, have a Veffel befide
the Galyx, containing the Seed; as Henbane, Bindweed,
Ranipions, Fox-Glove, Eye-Bright, &c. See VASCULIrE-
ROUs &C.
I73 Thosfe with an uniform tetrapetalous blower, beariog
their Seeds in oblong filiquous Cafes; as Stockgilly-Fl0Wvr,
Muflard, Radiffih,  c.
iSo Vf     eout Plants,   with a      ig  tetrp
Fowr, but Iof an anomalous or uncertain kind, and i rea-
lity oly mopetalous fllng of f altogther in one; as
Speedwell, Fluelin, Plan tane, yellowan  il dPc.
390  Leg   us Plants, or wfuch as bear Ne, with a
Papilionaccous Flower, i~ ing of n fourlai joined at the
Edges, as Peaf, Beans, Vethes, Tarc, Lentils, Lio-
rice) Trefoil, . See LEGUnNMIOUS0
21f Plan#: