The Office was created by 1993 Wisconsin Act 123 as an independent regulatory agency to assume the functions relating to railroad regulation that had been transferred briefly to the Public Service Commission by 1993 Wisconsin Act 16 when the Office of the Commissioner of Transportation (WIHV85-A215) was eliminated. Under 15.03 Wisconsin Stats., the Office is attached to the Public Service Commission for limited administrative purposes, and its budget requests are provided to the Dept. of Transportation as well as to the Public Service Commission when necessary.
The Office enforces regulations related to railway safety and construction and investigates the safety of highway crossings. It is funded by assessments on railroads.