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Materials and design : the art and science of material selection in product design
- Author / Creator
- Available as
- Online
Details
- Creator
- Mike Ashby and Kara Johnson
- Format
- Books
- Language
- English
- Contributors
- Publication
-
- 3rd ed
- Oxford Elsevier Science ; Butterworth-Heinemann cop. 2014
- Physical Details
-
- IX, 389 s. ill
- ISBNs
- 9780080982052, 0080982050
- Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
- English
- Intro -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 What Influences Product Design? -- People and the Market -- Science and Technology -- Sustainability and the Environment -- Economics and Investment Climate -- Aesthetics, Behavior and Industrial Design -- Product Differentiation -- Simple Interfaces -- Corporate and Brand Identity -- Product Life -- A Necessary Balance -- Types of Innovation -- Some Examples... -- Product Differentiation - Wristwatches -- Simple Interfaces - Mobile Phones -- Corporate Identity - Bang & -- Olufsen -- Types of Innovation - USB Keys -- Material Evolution -- Kettles -- Cameras -- Hairdryers -- Materials and Society -- Baby Buggies -- Conclusions -- Further Reading -- 3 Materiality, Design, and Creativity -- Ways of Thinking -- Observation and Perception -- Verbal-Mathematical and Visual Thinking -- Visual Thinking in Material Science -- The Design Process -- The Design of Pens - an Example -- The Original Concept -- Iteration and Development -- Design Details -- Sources of Inspiration -- Design Magazines, Annual Reviews, Museum Exhibitions, and Tradeshows -- Material Sample Collections -- Nature as Inspiration -- Creativity -- Brainstorming, Mood Boards, Mind Maps -- More Formal Methods: Inductive Reasoning and Analogy -- TRIZ and the 9-Windows Method -- A Culture of Ideas -- Sketching and CAD -- Model-Making and Prototyping -- Case Studies from IDEO -- Steelcase i2i Chair -- OXO Trashcan -- Pangea Organics Packaging -- Levi's Customized Buttons -- Handspring Organizer -- Zyliss Salad Spinner -- Lufthansa Wireless Remote -- Samuel Adams Beer Handle -- Conclusions -- Further Reading -- 4 Materials: The Stuff That Surrounds Us -- The Engineering Dimension: Technical Attributes -- Mapping Technical Attributes -- Using Technical Attributes
- Usability: Ergonomics and Interfaces -- Anthropomorphics and Bio-Mechanics -- Information Management -- Noise Management -- Thermal Management -- Light Management -- The Environment: "Green" Design and Sustainability -- Materials as Resources -- Balancing Material and Energy Consumption -- Eco-Design -- National Legislation: Standards, Directives, Taxes, Trading -- Industry Standards -- Embodied energy -- Aesthetics: The Five Senses -- Touch: the Tactile Attributes -- Sight: the Visual Attributes -- Sound: the Acoustic Attributes -- Personality: Building Emotional Connections -- A Vocabulary of Perception -- Perception of Technical Attributes -- Conclusions -- Further Reading -- 5 Manufacturing: Shaping, Joining, and Surfaces -- The Engineering Dimension: Technical Attributes -- The Other Dimensions -- Expression through Shaping -- Expression through Joining -- Expression through Surfaces -- Expression through Manufacturing -- Conclusions -- Further Reading -- 6 Form Follows Material -- Materials and Architecture -- Materials and Products -- Identifying a Feature List -- Identification -- Visualization -- Materialization -- The Bicycle: Materials and Form -- Bottle Openers: Materials and Form -- The Compressor: Design Language -- Household Appliances: Design Language -- The Inverse Process: Product Archeology -- Conclusions -- Further Reading -- 7 Material Selection -- Classification and Indexing -- An Information Structure for a Bookshop -- An Information Structure for Product Design -- Material Selection for Product Design -- Selection by Analysis2 -- Selection by Synthesis -- Selection by Similarity -- Selection by Inspiration -- Combining the Methods -- Material Selection -- Case Studies -- The Structure -- Identification -- Material Selection -- Implications -- Office Furniture -- Material Selection - Analysis -- Material Selection - Synthesis
- CD Cases -- Material Selection - Analysis -- Violin Bows -- Material Selection - Similarity -- Ice Axes -- Material Selection - Synthesis -- Inline Skates -- Material Selection - Similarity -- Conclusions -- Further Reading -- 8 Materials and Sustainability -- The Role of Materials -- The Three Capitals -- Competing Articulations of Sustainable Technology -- Meta-Messages: The Bigger Picture -- Material Efficiency -- Consumption and Waste -- The Role of Design -- Why Do We Throw Things Away? -- Landfill and Combustion -- Re-Engineering and Life Extension -- Re-Use and Recycling -- Designing with Recycled Materials -- The Problem of Packaging -- Bio-polymers -- Manufacturing -- Properties of Bio-polymers -- Bio-polymers and the Environment -- Applications of Bio-polymers -- Bio-composites -- Conclusions -- Further Reading -- 9 New Materials -- The Adoption of New Materials -- Information about New Materials -- Profiles for New Materials -- A Material Workshop -- Material Exploration -- Eastman Plastics -- BASF High Temperature Plastic -- Liquidmetal Amorphous Alloys -- Eleksen Electronic Fabric -- Conclusions -- Further Reading -- 10 Conclusions -- Appendix: Selected Material Maps -- Chart 1 - Elastic Modulus, E, and Density, ρ -- Chart 2 - Strength, σf, and Density, ρ -- Chart 3 - Fracture Toughness, KIC, and Elastic Modulus, E -- Chart 4 - Elastic Modulus, E, and Strength, σf -- Chart 5 - Loss Coefficient, η, and Elastic Modulus, E -- Chart 6 - Thermal Expansion Coefficient, α, and Thermal Conductivity, λ -- Chart 7 - Strength and Stiffness of Fibers -- Appendix: Modeling Aesthetic Attributes -- Appendix: Selection by Analysis -- Multi-Objective Optimization -- Exercises -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. What Influences Product Design? -- Chapter 3. Materiality, Design, and Creativity -- Chapter 4. Materials - The Stuff That Surrounds Us
- Chapter 5. Manufacturing -- Shaping, Joining, Surfaces -- Chapter 6. Form Follows Material -- Chapter 7. Material Selection -- Chapter 8. Materials and Sustainability -- Chapter 9. New Materials -- Chapter 10. Conclusions -- Additional Exercises (Using the CES EduPack and Selector Software) -- A Practical Reference for Inspiration -- Material Profiles -- Material Evolution -- Polymers -- Thermoplastics -- Thermosets -- Elastomers -- Design Notes -- Polymer Composites -- Metals -- Design Notes -- Ceramics -- Design Notes -- Glass -- Design Notes -- Fibers -- Technical Fibers -- Vegetable-derived Fibers -- Animal-derived Fibers -- Further reading -- Polyethylene (PE) -- Polypropylene (PP) -- Polystyrene (PS) -- Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) -- Polyamide (PA), Nylon -- Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), Acrylic -- Polycarbonate (PC) -- Polyoxymethylene (POM), Acetal -- Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) -- Ionomers -- Polyurethane (PU) -- Polyvinylchloride (PVC) -- Polyesters (PET, PBT, PETg) -- Silicone -- Phenolic -- Cellulose Acetate (CA) -- Cellulose Nitrate (Celluloid) -- Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA, PHB) -- Polylactide (PLA) -- Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) -- Elastomers -- Polymer Foams -- Polymer Composites -- Carbon Steels -- Stainless Steels -- Low Alloy Steels -- Aluminum Alloys -- Magnesium Alloys -- Titanium Alloys -- Nickel Alloys -- Zinc Alloys -- Copper, Brass, Bronze -- Technical Ceramics -- Glass -- Natural Materials -- Metal Foams -- Amorphous Metals -- Shape-memory Alloys -- Technical Fibers -- Cellulose Acetate (CA) -- Natural Fibers -- Natural Fibers -- Shaping Profiles -- Injection Molding -- Rotational Molding -- Blow Molding -- Expanded Foam Molding -- Compression Molding -- Resin Transfer Molding -- Die-Casting -- Sand Casting -- Investment Casting -- Polymer Casting -- Shape Rolling and Die Forging -- Extrusion
- Press Forming, Roll Forming, and Spinning -- Thermoforming -- Lay-Up Methods -- Powder Methods -- Laser Prototyping -- Deposition Prototyping -- Joining Profiles -- Adhesives -- Sewing -- Rivets and Staples -- Threaded Fasteners -- Snap Fits -- Hot Gas Welding -- Hot Bar Welding -- Hot Plate Welding -- Ultrasonic Welding -- Power-beam Welding -- Brazing -- Soldering -- Torch Welding (MMA or SMA) -- MIG Welding -- TIG Welding -- Resistance Welding -- Friction Welding -- Diffusion and Glaze Bonding -- Surface Profiles -- Screen Printing -- Pad Printing -- Cubic Printing -- Hot Stamping -- In-Mold Decoration -- Vapor Metalizing -- Electro-Plating -- Anodizing -- Mechanical Polishing -- Electro-Polishing -- Chemical Polishing -- Solvent-Based Painting -- Water-Based Painting -- Electro-Painting -- Powder Coating -- Enameling -- Etching -- Texturing -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z