Includes bibliographical references (pages [732]-740) and index.
Pt. I. God -- 1. Why anything? Why this? / Derek Parfit -- 2. The five ways / Thomas Aquinas -- 3. Selection from Natural Theology / William Paley -- 4. Selection from Proslogion / Anselm of Canterbury -- 5. Selection from Monadology / G. W. Leibniz -- 6. Evil and omnipotence / J. L. Mackie -- Pt. II. Realism and idealism -- 7. Selection from Essay Concerning Human Understanding / John Locke -- 8. Selection from Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous / George Berkeley -- 9. Selection from Critique of Pure Reason / Immanuel Kant -- 10. Selection from Matter and Sense / Howard Robinson -- 11. Realism / Michael Dummett -- Pt. III. Being -- 12. Selection from Categories / Aristotle -- 13. Selection from Essay Concerning Human Understanding / John Locke -- 14. Primitive thisness and primitive identity / Robert M. Adams -- 15. On what there is / W. V. Quine -- 16. Selection from Material Beings / Peter van Inwagen -- 17. Can there be vague objects? / Gareth Evans -- 18. Vague identity: Evans misunderstood / David Lewis -- Pt. IV. Universals and particulars -- 19. Selections from Parmenides and Republic / Plato -- 20. Selection from Universals: an Opinionated Introduction / D. M. Armstrong -- 21. Selection from New Work for a Theory of Universals / David Lewis -- 22. On the elements of being: I / Donald C. Williams -- 23. Causality and properties / Sydney Shoemaker -- Pt. V. Necessity -- 24. Selection from Naming and Necessity / Saul Kripke -- 25. Selection from On the Plurality of Worlds / David Lewis -- 26. Actualism and possible worlds / Alvin Plantinga -- 27. Selection from A Combinatorial Theory of Possibility / D. M. Armstrong -- Pt. VI. Causation -- 28. Selection from Metaphysics / Aristotle -- 29. Selection from Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding / David Hume -- 30. Causation / David Lewis -- 31. Causal relations / Donald Davidson -- 32. Selections from The Facts of Causation / D. H. Mellor -- Pt. VII. Time and space -- 33. Selection from Physics / Aristotle -- 34. Selection from The Nature of Existence / J. M. E. McTaggart -- 35. Changes in events and changes in things / Arthur N. Prior -- 36. Selection from Asymmetries in Time / Paul Horwich -- 37. Selection from the Leibniz-Clarke Correspondence -- 38. The space-time world / J. J. C. Smart -- 39. The paradoxes of time travel / David Lewis -- Pt. VIII. Identity -- 40. Identity through time / Roderick M. Chisholm -- 41. Selection from On the Plurality of Worlds / David Lewis -- 42. Personal Identity / Derek Parfit -- 43. Persons, animals, and ourselves / P. F. Snowdon -- Pt. IX. Mind and body -- 44. Selection from Meditations on First Philosophy / Rene Descartes -- 45. Selection from New System of the Nature of Substances / G. W. Leibniz -- 46. Selections from Thought / Gilbert Harman -- 47. Psychophysical and theoretical identifications / David Lewis -- 48. Selection from Thinking Causes / Donald Davidson -- 49. What is it like to be a bat? / Thomas Nagel -- Pt. X. Freedom and determinism -- 50. Selection from Treatise of Human Nature / David Hume -- 51. Freedom of the will and the concept of a person / Harry Frankfurt -- 52. The incompatibility of free will and determinism / Peter van Inwagen -- 53. Selection from Freedom from Physics: Quantum Mechanics and Free Will / Barry Loewer -- 54. Human freedom and the self / Roderick M. Chisholm