1. Introduction -- 2. Geographical and historical background -- 3. The Ottoman period at Tel al-Šummām (ca. 1790-1870) -- 4. The Ottoman period at al-Ẓahara (ca. 1870-1917) -- 5. The British Mandate period (ca. 1917-1947) -- 6. The Military government era (1947-1966) -- 7. Ḥǧeri economics -- 8. Bīr al-Maksūr -- 9. Ḥǧeri politics